October 25, 2023

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"Summary"

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This fact-finding report examines the situation for ethnic Armenians living in Nagorno-Karabakh1 from 2020 to 2024, starting with the ceasefire statement signed between Armenia and Azerbaijan at the close of the Second NagornoKarabakh War on November 9, 2020 and ending with Azerbaijan’s military offensive launched against Nagorno-Karabakh in September 2023 and its aftermath. It aims to identify the reasons behind the mass exodus of the remaining ethnic Armenian population from Nagorno-Karabakh. The report is the product of an international fact-finding effort that uses extensive interviews conducted with ethnic Armenians who fled Nagorno-Karabakh and triangulates them with open-source data to answer the following question: why are there no Armenians in Nagorno-Karabakh?